What may be causing this
- Short-term memory loss
- Anxiety about an upcoming event
- Unmet need or discomfort
- Lack of visible cues about time and plans
What to try first
- Answer briefly and consistently, with the same words
- Write the answer on a whiteboard the person can see
- Address the emotion behind the question
- Redirect to a task after answering
What usually makes it worse
- Saying 'I already told you'
- Long detailed explanations
- Discussing upcoming events too far in advance
Simple things you can do today
- Post a simple daily schedule
- Mention appointments only shortly beforehand
- Keep a clock and calendar visible
When to call the doctor
- Repetition increases sharply
- It is accompanied by distress, agitation, or new confusion
When it may be an emergency
- Threats or acts of violence toward self or others
- Sudden confusion, weakness, slurred speech, or facial droop
- A fall with head injury, especially on a blood thinner
Medically reviewed. Last reviewed August 2026. This page is educational information, not individualized medical advice.